Assessment of LIPID PROFILE in smokers versus non-smokers

Maulik Nayak¹, Dharmendra Dodiya²*, Jyoti Nayak³   

¹Assistant Professor, M.D. Biochemistry, Department  of  Biochemistry, GMERS  Medical  College,  Sola, Ahmedabad  –  380060, ²Associate Professor, M.D. Physiology, Department of Physiology, GMERS Medical College, Himmatnagar, ³Assistant professor, M.S. Anatomy, Department .of Anatomy, B.J .Medical College, Ahmedabad 

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Smoking is one of the major risk factors in the genesis of coronary atherosclerosis and development of coronary heart disease. Smoking which is recognized as a major risk factor for the development of Ischemic heart disease may lead to alter the normal plasma lipoprotein pattern. PURPOSE: This study assesses the changes of lipid profiles in smokers and non-smokers and to find out whether smoking is risk factor for atherosclerosis or not. Early intervention in smokers may decrease the chances of atherosclerosis. MATERIAL & METHODS: 40 adult non-obese smokers devoid of any major disease were selected along with 40 normal healthy age and weight matched, non-obese non-smokers who served as controls. Subjects in both groups were in the age range of 20 -50 years, having no history of alcohol abuse or diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hepatic impairment, renal disease obesity, and were neither on drugs like β-blockers, lipid lowering drugs, or thiazide diuretics. An  Informed  consent  was  taken  from  all  the  subjects  and  study  was  carried  out  in  accordance  with  the  world  medical  association  declaration  of  Helsinki. Fasting venous sample was collected, under aseptic precaution in department of biochemistry at Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Waghodiya, Vadodara. Lipid profile was studied and estimations of cholesterol, total lipids, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL and chylomicrons were made. Statistical  analysis  was  done  using  unpaired  ‘t’  test  using  Graph  pad  software. RESULT: All these parameters except HDL level were significantly increased in smokers while HDL level was significantly decreased, showing greater risk of these persons to atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD). Various ratios like LDL/HDL, VLDL/HDL, TG/HDL and TC/HDL were calculated to find out the risk of atherosclerosis and CHD so that early measures could be adopted to avoid complicated disease process. CONCLUSION: Individually smoking is major risk factor for alteration of normal lipid profile leading to development of athroscerosis, coronary heart disease and other related morbidity leads to mortality.

key  words: Smokers, Atherosclerosis, Lipid Profile, HDL (High Density Lipoprotein)

Keywords: Assessment of LIPID PROFILE